(相關(guān)資料圖)

對(duì)于練習(xí)來說.無論是一個(gè)人的獨(dú)白，還是兩個(gè)人對(duì)話，或者是多個(gè)人討論，多數(shù)情況下都是沒有稿子的即席講話。與 用筆頭表達(dá)的英語(yǔ)相比，英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)具有一些比較明顯的特征。由于口頭表達(dá)的英語(yǔ)通常是沒有事先準(zhǔn)備的，說話的人邊說邊想，斷斷續(xù) 續(xù)地說，因而遺漏、重復(fù)、出錯(cuò)、糾錯(cuò)、顛三倒四、打結(jié)巴、有頭無 尾等情況的產(chǎn)生是不可避免的。
另一方面，從語(yǔ)言本身的特點(diǎn)來看，以下幾個(gè)方面比較突出:
口語(yǔ)中多用日常生活中的 小詞 而不用文氣十足的 大詞 ，從文體的角度來說比較隨意。
句子比較簡(jiǎn)短，常用省略句，結(jié)構(gòu)偏于簡(jiǎn)單，語(yǔ)法上有時(shí)也不夠嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，例如:It s me (I). Who (Whom) do you want to see?
使用縮略形式(如:We ve, they d, there s等)在口語(yǔ)中是屢見不鮮的。
在口語(yǔ)里反意問句也用得比較多，例如:It s a nice day, isn tit?
人們?cè)谡f話時(shí)還有一些 口頭禪 ，像You see, you know, Imean, let me see, sort of, things like that，等等。
在英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)中，一些代表不同意思的非實(shí)意詞也是常見的，如well, eh, ah,等等。
口語(yǔ)中口頭語(yǔ)(colloquialisms)、習(xí)語(yǔ)(idioms)用得比較多， 有時(shí)也用一些俗語(yǔ)(slang),這段對(duì)話就表現(xiàn)出許多上述特點(diǎn):
The Things They Say!
A: A First-class Honours in chemistry, eh, Dick? I expectyou ve been offered plenty of jobs.
B: Yes, but unfortunately most of them have been in industry.
A: What s so unfortunate about that?
B: Well, I d like to go on doing the kind of research we do at the University. Industrial research holds no attractionsfor me.
A：Why not? I used to think like you, but now I ve seenthat research in industry is just as isfying. Think ofthe values industrial research can bring to manufacturing,farming, medicine and so on.
B: Perhaps you re right, but I d prefer to continue doingpure research一pursuing knowledge for its own sake, youknow.
A: Maybe, but whether you work in a university or in an in-dustrial laboratory you ll be employing the same scientificmethod, the same mental approach一and is there any-thing derogatory in acquiring scientific knowledge to useit for practical ends?
B: I don t suppose there is, really.
A: Of course there isn t. And you may even find people en-gaged in doing fundamental work in industry who haveacquired international recognition in their particularfields.